He was instrumental in building on the land rush he stimulated expansion of the city of more than 4,000 people to a center of business and industry by 1910, with a population of more than 25,000 inhabitants.
The city was incorporated on March 19, 1898. A federal court was established in Muskogee in 1889, around the same time that Congress opened portions of Indian Territory to non-Native settlers via land rushes. In 1872, the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad was extended to the area. At the top of what is known as Agency Hill, it is within Honor Heights Park on the west side of Muskogee. It was a site for meetings among the leaders of the Five Civilized Tribes.
The Indian Agency, a two-story stone building, was built here in Muskogee. French fur traders were believed to have established a temporary village near the future Muskogee in 1806, but the first permanent European-American settlement was established in 1817 on the south bank of the Verdigris River, north of present-day Muskogee.Īfter the passage of the Indian Removal Act of 1830 under President Andrew Jackson, the Muscogee Creek Indians were one of the " Five Civilized Tribes" forced out of the American Southeast to Indian Territory.
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